Assessing the cyclic-variability of spark-ignition engine running on methane-hydrogen blends with high hydrogen contents of up to 50%

The cyclic variability in a spark-ignition (SI) engine is examined fueled with methane/hydrogen blends with the use of an in-house computational fluid dynamics (CFD) code. A recent methodology is followed, which has been developed with the main aim at providing accurate predictions of the coefficient of variation (COV) of the indicated mean effective pressure (IMEP) in a fraction of time. Instead of simulating several tens of engine cycles, the methodology is based on the numerical results obtained from just 5 cycles, which are then processed for developing suitable fitted correlations of the main parameters as a function of a normalized distance. The latter expresses the distance of the spheres of the initial flame within the computational cell at the spark-plug region with the local turbulent eddy, and provides a smooth transition from the laminar burning regime to the fully turbulent one. This sub-model is included in the ignition numerical approach and is applied here in a SI engine with 3 different hydrogen contents, 10%, 30% and 50%, and three equivalence ratios, 1, 0.8 and 0.7, showing that the COV of IMEP is well predicted compared to the available measured data. Other parameters of engine cycle variations are also examined, such as the distribution of the IMEP. The variability of NO (nitric oxide) emissions is also examined, showing that for the stoichiometric cases it follows a distribution similar to a normal (Gaussian) one, while for lower ratios it is positively skewed. Overall, the methodology seems to provide reliable results for the whole range of the operating conditions examined, while the next steps of this activity will focus on similar cases for engine with variable speed and load, with the final goal to include additional mechanisms that contribute to the engine cycle variations.     

Local charge regulation by doping Li+ in BaGa2O4:Bi3+ to generate multimode luminescence for advanced optical Morse code

In the field of advanced anti-counterfeiting research, it is a hot issue to develop a multimodal anti-counterfeiting material with adjustable luminescence characteristics. Here, persistent luminescent materials of BaGa₂O₄:xBi³⁺ (x = 0-0.02) and BaGa₂O₄:0.005Bi³⁺,yLi⁺ (y = 0.001–0.02) were synthesized by a solid state reaction at high temperature. BaGa₂O₄: Bi³⁺ exhibited a broad blue emission at ～470 nm (transition from [GaO₄]) and a sharp NIR emission at ～710 nm (³P₁→¹S₀ transition of Bi³⁺), upon UV excitation at 250 nm. Incorporation of Li⁺ in BGO: 0.005Bi³⁺ induced the emission color shifting from blue to green. After stoppage of UV excitation, the BGO:0.005Bi³⁺ exhibited white afterglow with emission peaks at the range of 500–700 nm. However, incorporation of Li⁺ leaded to a stronger green afterglow and a weaker NIR afterglow. When the afterglow disappeared, the sample outputted afterglow again after heating processing. The prepared samples exhibited time- and temperature-dependent multimode luminescence, so they were used as components, combined with Morse code to realize multi-modal dynamic anti-counterfeiting. The outcomes in this work indicate that the prepared luminescent materials have broad prospects in advanced anti-counterfeit applications.     

手机面板用蓝宝石玻璃性质与制备

蓝宝石具有硬度高、耐磨性、化学稳定性和耐热性好等特点,手机制造企业将蓝宝石用于代替玻璃作手机面板的覆盖材料。本文阐述了蓝宝石的结构、性质和大尺寸蓝宝石的制造方法,指出热交換法可以制备Φ380 mm的蓝宝石,冷心放肩微量提拉法(SAPMAC)也是一种有特色的制备方法。最后提出由蓝宝石和玻璃组成叠层材料,上层用耐磨的蓝宝石,下层为玻璃,可以节约成本,这将是手机面板发展的方向。     

HPLC法测定药物共晶中茶碱和对乙酰氨基酚的研究

建立了高效液相色谱法分离茶碱和对乙酰氨基酚双组分体系的最佳条件是:C18色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm,120),以十八烷基键合硅胶为固定相;流动相为0.01 mol/L磷酸二氢钾溶液(用磷酸溶液调节pH至3.05)(A)-甲醇(B)(体积比为80∶20);检测波长为245 nm和270 nm;流速为1.0 mL/min;柱温为25℃;进样量为20μL。实验结果表明:对乙酰氨基酚回归方程为y=0.651 1x+6.610 4,R2=0.994 5;茶碱回归方程为y=0.939 2x-5.575 1,R2=0.998,他们的线性范围是5~500μg/mL。该方法为茶碱、对乙酰氨基酚双组分体系研究提供依据,为其溶解度的测定提供方法支撑,作为高效液相色谱分离方法,分析快速,灵敏度高,重现性好。     

轮式移动机器人滑移轨迹跟踪控制策略研究

针对轮式移动机器人在滑移条件下的轨迹跟踪问题,提出一种自适应模糊控制策略。利用模糊状态观测器对未知的复杂系统模型进行速度估计和补偿,通过设计输出向量将位置约束转换为输出约束,并构造Barrier Lyapunov函数来保证机器人的运动约束,在此基础上设计更简单的纵向滑移模型,利用李亚普诺夫定理分析闭环系统的稳定性,证明了闭环系统中所有信号都是有界的。最后通过仿真和实验验证了自适应模糊控制策略在轮式机器人纵向滑移情况下的有效性和实用性。     

基于安全规范化管控系统的电力建设安全管理研究

在电力建设工程项目管理中,传统的安全管理方式存在监管不及时、不到位以及落实管理要求的力度层层衰减的现象,因此安全管理工作仍未取得实质性效果。基于现有的安全规范化管控系统,编制了基建标准化作业流程和基建标准化检查流程,结合工地视频在线监控系统,提出将电力基建工程安全管理工作纳入安全规范化管控系统进行监管,同时针对基建工程建设的特点,进一步开发了相关功能模块,使电力基建施工人员和管理人员更加方便地使用该系统。改进后的安全规范化管控系统实现了基建工程从开工到竣工的全过程监管,提高了现场作业人员的安全意识,规范了现场安全措施,同时也加强了施工作业的安全监管,能够保障工程顺利推进。     

新老版《建筑桩基技术规范》检测和验收内容比对分析

为了加深对新版《建筑桩基技术规范》的理解和执行,比较了新老版《建筑桩基技术规范》的基本结构,重点就桩基检测和验收内容,结合现行其他相关规范,做了分析比较,明确了极限值、标准值、特征值、设计值的含义。     

欧洲规范8与中国抗震设计规范关于抗震设防目标和地震作用的比较

在抗震设防目标、反应谱、地震作用和实现抗震设防目标的方法等方面对欧洲规范8（Eurocode8）2003版和中国《建筑抗震设计规范》2001版进行了比较，分析了欧洲规范中引入性能系数q的原因及其带来的影响。     

新规范条件下超长地下室混凝土墙体的裂缝控制与处理

通过工程实例的分析比较,总结出地下室混凝土长墙裂缝的主因,并由此提出了裂缝处理方案和在新规范条件下控制裂缝的综合施工措施。